Can Women Really “Inherit” Ovarian Cancer?
Understanding Hereditary Ovarian Cancer, Lynch Syndrome, and the Role of BRCA & MMR Genes
Can ovarian cancer really be inherited? The short answer is, sometimes, yes. While most cases of ovarian cancer occur sporadically, meaning they arise without a family history, nearly one in five cases are linked to inherited genetic mutations. Understanding these hereditary factors especially the BRCA and Lynch Syndrome (MMR) genes can be life-saving.
Genetic screening and awareness have come a long way, empowering women to take proactive steps toward early detection and prevention. But separating fact from hype is crucial.
Table of Contents
Previvors
Nobody Is Talking About Lynch Syndrome
A Brief History of Lynch Syndrome & The Inheritance of Cancer
The Inheritance of Ovarian Cancer: Understanding BRCA, Lynch Syndrome & MMR Genes
Nell’s Story
The Takeaway: Why Genetic Screening Matters
Previvors
Not all heroes wear capes, some wear hospital bracelets and genetic test results. Previvors are individuals who carry inherited mutations that increase their risk of developing cancer but haven’t been diagnosed yet. By choosing preventive measures such as enhanced screening, risk-reducing surgery, or lifestyle changes they actively reduce their lifetime risk of cancer.
This growing group of women is changing the conversation around hereditary cancers from fear to empowerment.
Nobody Is Talking About Lynch Syndrome
When it comes to hereditary cancers, BRCA genes usually steal the spotlight ,thanks in part to high-profile advocates like Angelina Jolie. However, Lynch Syndrome deserves equal attention.
Lynch Syndrome isn’t just about colon cancer , it significantly increases the risk of ovarian, uterine, stomach, and other cancers. Yet, public awareness remains shockingly low. Many women who test negative for BRCA mutations may still carry Lynch-associated mutations and be unaware of their elevated risk.
A Brief History of Lynch Syndrome & The Inheritance of Cancer
Lynch Syndrome is caused by mutations in one of five genes responsible for correcting DNA errors during cell division known as mismatch repair (MMR) genes. These are:
MLH1
MSH2
MSH6
PMS2
EPCAM
Mutations in any of these genes impair the cell’s ability to repair DNA damage, allowing genetic errors to accumulate and lead to cancer.
According to the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, about 1 in 279 people carry a mutation in one of these five genes roughly a million people in the U.S. alone. Due to limited diagnostic infrastructure and low awareness, many remain undiagnosed.
The Inheritance of Ovarian Cancer: Understanding BRCA, Lynch Syndrome & MMR Genes
According to the NCBI’s publication on “Hereditary Ovarian Cancer”, over 20% of ovarian cancers have a hereditary component.
While BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations account for about 65–85% of hereditary ovarian cancers, mutations in the Lynch Syndrome (MMR) genes also play a key role. These mutations not only increase ovarian cancer risk but can also predispose women to endometrial, colorectal, and other malignancies.
Here’s what makes this knowledge powerful:
BRCA carriers can benefit from targeted therapies such as PARP inhibitors.
Lynch carriers may undergo personalized surveillance programs to detect cancer early or even prevent it.
Family members of carriers can be tested, breaking the cycle of inherited risk.
Nell’s Story
Nell (name changed) was 38 when her mother was diagnosed with ovarian cancer. Genetic testing revealed that both carried a mutation in the MSH6 gene, one of the Lynch-associated genes.
While her mother battled the disease, Nell chose to get screened regularly. Early detection led to preventive surgery and peace of mind. Today, she calls herself a “previvor,” advocating genetic awareness for other women.
Stories like Nell’s remind us that knowledge is not fear -it’s power.
The Takeaway: Why Genetic Screening Matters
Hereditary ovarian cancer isn’t destiny , it’s a warning sign we can act on.
If you have a family history of ovarian, colon, or uterine cancer, talk to your doctor about genetic testing for BRCA and Lynch Syndrome genes.
Screening doesn’t just protect you : it protects generations after you.
As we approach International Women’s Day, let’s shift the focus from stigma to science. Get informed. Get screened. Get empowered.
Because knowing your genes could save your life.