Though rare, breast cancer in men is real and treatable. Learn about its symptoms, treatment options, and survival rates.
Breast cancer is commonly associated with women, however, it can also occur in men. It is most commonly seen between the ages of 60 and 70. According to the American Cancer Society, 1 in 833 men are at risk of developing breast cancer. Though male breast cancer accounts for less than 1% of all breast cancer cases, awareness is crucial.
How is Male Breast Cancer Treated?
Male breast cancer treatment typically involves a multidisciplinary team approach. Treatment depends on the cancer’s type and stage and the patient's overall health. Options include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy, or combinations of these.
Local Treatments
Surgery for Male Breast Cancer
Surgery is often the first choice for early-stage or locally advanced breast cancer in men. The most common procedure is a modified radical mastectomy, which removes the entire affected breast and nearby lymph nodes.
Types of Surgical Procedures
- Modified radical mastectomy
- Skin-sparing or nipple-sparing mastectomy (based on tumour size and spread)
- Double mastectomy (if both breasts are affected)
Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy is used after surgery to destroy remaining cancer cells. Though limited male-specific data exists, doctors follow female breast cancer protocols for guidance.
Systemic Treatments
Chemotherapy
Uses drugs to kill cancer cells and is often used when cancer has spread. It may be given before surgery to shrink tumours or after surgery to target residual cells. Delivered orally or intravenously in cycles.
Hormone Therapy
Hormone-receptor-positive cancers may be treated using:
- Tamoxifen – commonly used for estrogen receptor-positive cancers
- Aromatase Inhibitors (e.g., Anastrozole, Letrozole, Exemestane)
- LHRH agonists – used in advanced/metastatic cases
Targeted Therapy
Targets specific gene mutations or proteins:
- HER2-targeted therapy: Trastuzumab (Herceptin) for HER2+ cancers
- PARP inhibitors: Used in BRCA mutation-related cancers
Combination Therapies
Doctors may use a combination of therapies for more effective treatment. Clinical trials may be an option when standard treatments aren’t effective.
Can Male Breast Cancer be Inherited?
Yes, though rare. BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations are key risk factors. Genetic testing is recommended for men with a strong family history. Screening may be advised even in the absence of symptoms.
What Is the Survival Rate?
The 5-year relative survival rate is about 80%. Early detection and treatment significantly improve prognosis and quality of life.